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今天学习了ArrayList集合和HashMap集合

测试数据从数组更改成ArrayList集合，按编号查找报价单从数组更改成HashMap集合

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private static ArrayList<SmartHomeQuotation> quotations = new ArrayList<>();
private static HashMap<String, SmartHomeQuotation> quotationHashMap = new HashMap<>();
quotations.add(q1);
quotationHashMap.put(q1.getQuotationNo(), q1);

quotations是ArrayList类型，存储的是报价单实例化对象，quotations.add()就是把报价单实例化对象保存到quotations（ArrayList类型）中。

HashMap<String, SmartHomeQuotation>是键值对，第一个形参是报价单编号，第二个形参是报价单实例化对象。quotationHashMap.put()就是把键和值一起保存。

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package cn.com.d99714.smart.service;

import cn.com.d99714.smart.common.Config;
import cn.com.d99714.smart.entity.*;
import cn.com.d99714.smart.exception.DiscountRateInvalidException;
import cn.com.d99714.smart.strategy.*;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class SmartHomeTest {
    // Test 类私有的交互常量
    private static final String MENU_EXIT = "0. 退出";
    private static final String MENU_BACK = "0. 返回";
    private static final String MAIN_MENU_PROMPT = "请选择（1-7）【0-退出】：";
    private static final String DISCOUNT_MENU_PROMPT = "请选择（1-5）【0-返回】：";
    private static final String FIND_QUOTATION_BY_ID_PROMPT = "请输入报价单编号：";
    private static final String MSG_INVALID = "无效选项";
    private static final String MSG_SUCCESS = "创建成功";
    private static final String MSG_NO_QUOTATION = "无报价单！";
    private static final String MSG_QUOTATION_NOT_EXISTS = "报价单不存在：";
    private static final String MSG_EXCEPTION_MAIN_MENU_OUT_OF_RANGE = "序号超出范围（0-7）!";
    private static final String MSG_EXCEPTION_SUB_MENU_OUT_OF_RANGE = "序号超出范围（0-5）!";
    private static final String MSG_EXCEPTION_INVALID = "输入错误：请输入有效的数字序号！";
    private static final String APP_TITLE = "智能家居报价系统";
    private static final String APP_VERSION = "Ver 0.1";
    private static final String APP_TITLE_CHAR = "=";
    private static final String APP_EXIT = "Bye. See you next time.";

    //  模拟数据存储
    private static ArrayList<SmartHomeQuotation> quotations = new ArrayList<>();
    private static HashMap<String, SmartHomeQuotation> quotationHashMap = new HashMap<>();

    private static ArrayList<Person> people = new ArrayList<>();

    private static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        initTestData();     //  初始化数据
        handleMainMenu();   //  菜单循环
    }

    /**
     * 1. 打印主菜单
     */
    private static void printMainMenu() {
        System.out.print(APP_TITLE_CHAR.repeat(30) + "  ");
        System.out.print(APP_TITLE + " " + APP_VERSION);
        System.out.print("  " + APP_TITLE_CHAR.repeat(30));
        System.out.println();

        System.out.println("1. 查看报价单列表");
        System.out.println("2. 查看报价单详情");
        System.out.println("3. 多态角色展示");
        System.out.println("4. 完整客户信息");
        System.out.println("5. 折扣方案");
        System.out.println("6. 异常测试");
        System.out.println("7. 按编号查询报价单");
        System.out.println(MENU_EXIT);
        System.out.print(MAIN_MENU_PROMPT);
    }

    /**
     * 2. 执行主菜单
     */
    private static void handleMainMenu() {
        while (true) {
            printMainMenu();    //  打印主菜单

            String selected = sc.nextLine().strip();
            try {
                int inputNum = Integer.parseInt(selected);
                if (inputNum < 0 || inputNum > 7) {
                    System.out.println(MSG_EXCEPTION_MAIN_MENU_OUT_OF_RANGE);
                    continue;
                }
                switch (inputNum) {
                    case 1 -> showQuotationList();
                    case 2 -> showQuotationDetail();
                    case 3 -> showRoleDemo();
                    case 4 -> showFullInfoDemo();
                    case 5 -> handleDiscountMenu();
                    case 6 -> showExceptionDemo();
                    case 7 -> findQuotationById();
                    case 0 -> {
                        System.out.println(APP_EXIT);
                        return;
                    }
                    default -> System.out.println(MSG_INVALID);
                }
                System.out.println();
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.println(MSG_EXCEPTION_INVALID);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 3. 打印二级菜单
     */
    private static void printDiscountMenu() {
        System.out.print(APP_TITLE_CHAR.repeat(35) + "  ");
        System.out.print("折扣方案");
        System.out.print("  " + APP_TITLE_CHAR.repeat(35));
        System.out.println();

        System.out.println("1. 整单折扣（字段折扣）");
        System.out.println("2. 百分比折扣（接口策略）");
        System.out.println("3. 固定金额减免");
        System.out.println("4. 满减策略");
        System.out.println("5. 阶梯折扣");
        System.out.println(MENU_BACK);
        System.out.print(DISCOUNT_MENU_PROMPT);
    }

    /**
     * 4. 执行二级菜单
     */
    private static void handleDiscountMenu() {
        while (true) {
            printDiscountMenu();

            String selected = sc.nextLine().strip();
            try {
                int inputNum = Integer.parseInt(selected);
                if (inputNum < 0 || inputNum > 5) {
                    System.out.println(MSG_EXCEPTION_SUB_MENU_OUT_OF_RANGE);
                    continue;
                }
                switch (inputNum) {
                    case 1 -> showDiscountDemo();
                    case 2 -> showDiscountStategyDemo();
                    case 3 -> showFixedAmountDemo();
                    case 4 -> showFullReductionDemo();
                    case 5 -> showTieredDemo();
                    case 0 -> {
                        return;
                    }
                    default -> System.out.println(MSG_INVALID);
                }
                System.out.println();
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.println(MSG_EXCEPTION_INVALID);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 5. 预置测试数据
     */
    private static void initTestData() {
        Company vendor = new Company("张经理", "13829871635", "视声智能",
                "广州市黄埔区", "KNX全屋智能/灯光/安防");
        Person client1 = new Customer("赵今麦", "15138473848", "上海市静安区", 533);
        Person client2 = new Company("李经理", "13150432864", "杜亚窗帘",
                "杭州市拱墅区", "智能窗帘/智能门锁");
        Person worker = new Worker("王师傅", "13022531893", "电工", 2, 4.2);

        people.add(vendor);
        people.add(client1);
        people.add(client2);
        people.add(worker);

        SmartHomeQuotation q1 = new SmartHomeQuotation(
                Config.QUOTATION_PREFIX + "20260001-000001",
                "2026-10-02 16:35:11", "赵女士静安府全屋智能",
                client1, vendor, 35800.0, 5800.0, 6500.0, 4200.0, 2000.0);
        q1.setTotalDiscountRate(0.85);

        SmartHomeQuotation q2 = new SmartHomeQuotation(
                Config.QUOTATION_PREFIX + "20260001-000002",
                "2026-10-02 16:37:20", "杜亚展厅智能改造",
                client2, vendor, 28000.0, 3500.0, 4000.0, 2500.0, 1500.0);
        q2.setTotalDiscountRate(0.80);

        quotations.add(q1);
        quotations.add(q2);
        quotationHashMap.put(q1.getQuotationNo(), q1);
        quotationHashMap.put(q2.getQuotationNo(), q2);
    }

    /**
     * 6. 创建客户
     */
    private static void createCustomer() {
        System.out.println("创建客户");
        System.out.print("类型（1-业主 2-公司 3-师傅）：");
        String type = sc.nextLine().strip();

        System.out.print("姓名：");
        String name = sc.nextLine().strip();

        System.out.print("电话：");
        String phone = sc.nextLine().strip();

        switch (type) {
            case "1" -> {
                System.out.print("房屋地址：");
                String addr = sc.nextLine().strip();
                System.out.print("房屋面积：");
                double area = Double.parseDouble(sc.nextLine().strip());
                people.add(new Customer(name, phone, addr, area));
            }
            case "2" -> {
                System.out.print("公司名称：");
                String cName = sc.nextLine().strip();
                System.out.print("公司地址：");
                String cAddr = sc.nextLine().strip();
                people.add(new Company(name, phone, cName, cAddr, ""));
            }
            case "3" -> {
                System.out.print("工种：");
                String job = sc.nextLine().strip();
                System.out.print("工龄：");
                int year = Integer.parseInt(sc.nextLine().strip());
                System.out.print("评分：");
                double score = Double.parseDouble(sc.nextLine().strip());
                people.add(new Worker(name, phone, job, year, score));
            }
            default -> System.out.println("无效类型");
        }
        System.out.println("创建成功！");
    }

    /**
     * 7. 创建报价单
     */
    private static void createQuotation() {
        if (people.size() < 2) {
            System.out.println("请先创建客户和厂家");
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("创建报价单");
        //  直接选预置数据，不交互选客户
        System.out.println("功能开发中（选项3/4查看）");
    }

    /**
     * 8. 查看报价单列表
     */
    private static void showQuotationList() {
        System.out.println("报价单列表");
        for (int i = 0; i < quotations.size(); i++) {
            System.out.println((i + 1) + ". " + quotations.get(i).getSummaryLine());
        }
        if (quotations.isEmpty()) {
            System.out.println("暂无报价单");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 9. 查看报价单详情
     */
    private static void showQuotationDetail() {
        if (quotations.isEmpty()) {
            System.out.println(MSG_NO_QUOTATION);
            return;
        }
        System.out.print("请输入报价单序号（1-" + quotations.size() + "）：");
        String input = sc.nextLine().strip();


        try {
            int idx = Integer.parseInt(input) - 1;
            if (idx < 0 || idx >= quotations.size()) {
                System.out.println("序号超出范围（1-" + quotations.size() + "）：");
                return;
            }
            System.out.println(quotations.get(idx));
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            System.out.println("输入错误：请输入有效的数字序号！");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 10. 多态角色展示
     */
    private static void showRoleDemo() {
        System.out.println("多态角色展示");
        for (Person p : people) {
            System.out.println(p.showRole() + " " + p.getName());
            System.out.println("  " + p.introduce());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 11. 完整客户信息
     */
    private static void showFullInfoDemo() {
        System.out.println("完整客户信息");
        if (quotations.isEmpty()) {
            System.out.println("暂无报价单");
            return;
        }
        for (SmartHomeQuotation q : quotations) {    //  for-each循环
            System.out.println(q.getClientFullInfo());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 12. 折扣计算演示
     */
    private static void showDiscountDemo() {
        System.out.println("折扣计算演示");
        for (SmartHomeQuotation q : quotations) {    //  for-each循环
            System.out.printf("%s 原价：%,.2f 元，%s后：%,.2f 元，优惠：%,.2f 元 %n",
                    q.getQuotationNo(), q.calcOriginalTotalAmount(), q.getDiscountDesc(),
                    q.calcDiscountedTotalAmount(), q.calcOriginalTotalAmount() - q.calcDiscountedTotalAmount());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 13. 折扣策略接口演示
     */
    private static void showDiscountStategyDemo() {
        System.out.println("折扣策略接口演示");

        DiscountStrategy s1 = new PercentageDiscountStrategy(0.85);
        DiscountStrategy s2 = new PercentageDiscountStrategy(0.80);

        System.out.printf(" %s 折扣接口策略【%s】：%,.2f 元 %n",
                quotations.get(0).getQuotationNo(),
                s1.getStrategyName(),
                quotations.get(0).getDiscountedTotal(s1));
        System.out.printf(" %s 折扣接口策略【%s】：%,.2f 元 %n",
                quotations.get(1).getQuotationNo(),
                s2.getStrategyName(),
                quotations.get(1).getDiscountedTotal(s2));
    }

    /**
     * 14. 固定金额减免策略接口演示
     */
    private static void showFixedAmountDemo() {
        System.out.println("固定金额减免接口演示");

        DiscountStrategy fixed3000 = new FixedAmountDiscountStrategy(3000);
        DiscountStrategy fixed8000 = new FixedAmountDiscountStrategy(8000);

        for (SmartHomeQuotation q : quotations) {    //  for-each循环
            System.out.printf("%s 原价：%,.2f 元 %n",
                    q.getQuotationNo(), q.calcOriginalTotalAmount());
            System.out.printf("  【%s】 后：%,.2f 元 %n",
                    fixed3000.getStrategyName(), q.getDiscountedTotal(fixed3000));
            System.out.printf("  【%s】 后：%,.2f 元 %n",
                    fixed8000.getStrategyName(), q.getDiscountedTotal(fixed8000));
            System.out.println();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 15. 满减
     */
    private static void showFullReductionDemo() {
        System.out.println("满减策略");

        DiscountStrategy strategy = new FullReductionStrategy(50000, 5000);
        for (SmartHomeQuotation q : quotations) {    //  for-each循环
            System.out.printf("%s 原价：%,.2f 元 [%s] 折后：%,.2f 元 %n",
                    q.getQuotationNo(), q.calcOriginalTotalAmount(),
                    strategy.getStrategyName(), q.getDiscountedTotal(strategy));
        }
    }

    /**
     * 16. 阶梯
     */
    private static void showTieredDemo() {
        System.out.println("阶梯折扣");

        DiscountStrategy strategy = new TieredDiscountStrategy(50000, 0.90, 0.80);
        for (SmartHomeQuotation q : quotations) {    //  for-each循环
            System.out.printf("%s 原价：%,.2f 元 [%s] 折后：%,.2f 元 %n",
                    q.getQuotationNo(), q.calcOriginalTotalAmount(),
                    strategy.getStrategyName(), q.getDiscountedTotal(strategy));
        }
    }

    /**
     * 17. 折扣率异常的处理
     */
    private static void showExceptionDemo() {
        System.out.println("异常测试");

        // 测试1：正常设置
        System.out.println("1. 设置合法折扣率 0.90");
        try {
            quotations.get(0).setTotalDiscountRate(0.90);
            System.out.println("   设置成功，当前折扣率：" + quotations.get(0).getTotalDiscountRate());
        } catch (DiscountRateInvalidException e) {
            System.out.println("   捕获异常：" + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            System.out.println("   finally 执行");
        }
        System.out.println();

        // 测试2：非法设置（触发异常）
        System.out.println("2. 设置非法折扣率 1.50");
        try {
            quotations.get(0).setTotalDiscountRate(1.50);
            System.out.println("   设置成功（这行不会执行）");
        } catch (DiscountRateInvalidException e) {
            System.out.println("   捕获异常：" + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            System.out.println("   finally 执行");
        }
        System.out.println();

        // 验证：异常后数据未被污染
        System.out.println("3. 验证当前折扣率：" + quotations.get(0).getTotalDiscountRate());
    }

    /**
     * 18. 按照编号查找报价单
     */
    private static void findQuotationById() {
        System.out.print(FIND_QUOTATION_BY_ID_PROMPT);
        String id = sc.nextLine().strip();

        if (!quotationHashMap.containsKey(id)) {
            System.out.println(MSG_QUOTATION_NOT_EXISTS + id);
            return;
        }
        System.out.println(quotationHashMap.get(id));
    }
}
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